HVLP (High Volume Low Pressure) spray gun atomizes coating with a high volume of air at low pressure (< 10 PSI at the cap). Standard for fine-finish work — automotive, woodwork, cabinetry, light industrial. Transfer efficiency 65–80% (vs 30–50% conventional), reducing material consumption and overspray. Not suitable for high-build industrial coatings — use airless or AAA instead. Spraying is slower than standard conventional, but will typically be used due to the increased transfer efficiency and in order to comply with emissions standards. 

Conventional air spray — air atomizes the fluid stream at the cap. Excellent finish quality, high overspray, low transfer efficiency. Standard for fine-finish wood, automotive, cabinetry & smaller industrial parts.

Airless — hydraulic pressure atomizes through a small orifice tip without air. Higher production, less overspray, less fine control. Standard for protective and architectural coatings.